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Source of calcium. The physiological significance of calcium in the body is diverse. It is part of the main mineral component of bone tissue – oxyapatite, microcrystals of which form a rigid structure of bone tissue. Calcium ions give stability to cell membranes, forming bonds between negatively charged groups of phospholipids, structural proteins and glycoproteins. Calcium plays an important role in the implementation of cell-cell interactions, which provide an orderly adhesion (clumping of cells) during tissue formation. Along with plastic and structural functions, calcium plays a crucial role in the implementation of many physiological and biochemical processes: it is necessary for the normal excitability of the nervous system and muscle contractility, is an activator of a number of enzymes and hormones, and also an essential component of the blood coagulation system.